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51.
Tunnel Scanning Microscopy and Spectroscopy in Studying Fe Cr Stainless Steels1 E. V. Trofimova, E. V. Kasatkin, and I. I. Reformatskaya Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, ul. Vorontsovo pole 10, Moscow, 105064 Russia e-mail:
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Received June 28, 2005 Abstract — Scanning tunnel microscopy (STM) and scanning tunnel spectroscopy (STS) are used in studying highly pure iron and chromium and Fe–x%Cr (2.4 x 60 wt %) alloys at the air boundary, as well as some of the alloys in 0.01 N H2SO4 . The obtained probability coefficients ( ) of the electron tunnel transfer from a specimen to the needle and the slopes ( ) of the logarithmic Ut/ It) dependences as functions of the chromium content in Fe–Cr alloys confirm the critical compositions of the alloys containing ~6.5 and 10–13% chro-mium, which is in accord with the results of the steady-state and transient electrochemical measurements. A correlation between these critical compositions of the alloys and sharp changes in the histograms of  and values is observed. Pronounced extreme properties of the Fe–25.2% Cr alloy surface, which corresponds to the inclusion of Cr atoms in tetrahedral voids of the alloy crystal lattice, are noticed. DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206030040
18/09/2008 | 1124 Посещения | Печать
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52.
Soil Corrosion of Differential Aeration Cells and Conditions of Their Operation N. N. Glazov, S. M. Ukhlovtsev, I. I. Reformatskaya, A. N. Podobaev, and I. I. Ashcheulova FGUP GNTs RF Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry,
ul. Vorontsovo pole 10, Moscow, 105064 Russia e-mail:
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Received March 18, 2005 Abstract — Potentials stabilized at the anode and cathode of a differential aeration cell (DAC) under free corrosion conditions, electric contact, and cathodic polarization are analyzed. It is shown that the soil conductivity limits the possibility of cathodic protection. The shallow pit formation at the cathode and pitting at the anode are the main corrosion types in the half-cells. The rate of development of local corrosion centers on the surfaces of both half-cells is virtually independent of the conditions of DAC operation. DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206030052
18/09/2008 | 1201 Посещения | Печать
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53.
Chemical Modification of the Surface of a Carbonyl Iron Powder S. G. Belyavskiia, P. G. Mingalyova, F. Giulierib, R. Combarrieaub, and G. V. Lisichkina a Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University,
Vorob’evy gory, Moscow, 119992 Russia e-mail:
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b University of Nice, Nice, France Received December 21, 2004 Abstract — The surface of a carbonyl iron powder was chemically modified with functional triethoxysilanes and ethyl n-alkylphosphonates. The grafted layers were examined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and conductivity measurements. DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206030064
18/09/2008 | 1153 Посещения | Печать
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54.
Effect of Cyclic Benzo-12-Crown-4 Polyether on Copper Electrodeposition from Sulfate Aqueous Ethanol Baths V. V. Kuznetsov, L. M. Skibina, and S. V. Geshel’ Rostov State University, ul. Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don, 344090 Russia e-mail:
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Received February 15, 2005 Abstract — It is found that the effectiveness of crown ether (with benzo-12-crown-4 as an example) is a function of the composition of the water–ethanol solvent and the bulk and surface concentration of sulfate anions. An increase in the adsorbability of sulfate anions at Cu in the presence of the crown ether ( '-effect) enhances its inhibitive effect on copper electrodeposition. The electrode reaction is best inhibited, and electroplates with enhanced tribotechnical characteristics are obtained, in the zone of ethanol structure stabilization, in which the adsorption of  anions by copper is the highest because of the “desalting” effect. DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206030076
18/09/2008 | 1099 Посещения | Печать
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55.
Peculiarities of Electrochemical Behavior of Copper in Alkaline Solutions in the Presence of Alanine E. V. Nikitchenkoa, S. A. Kaluzhinaa, and N. P. Andreevab aVoronezh State University, Universitetskaya pl. 1, Voronezh, 394006 Russia e-mail:
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bFrumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia Received February 28, 2005 Abstract — Anodic oxidation of copper in alkaline solution in the presence of alanine is studied by electrochemical and ellipsometric methods. Thickness of films formed on the metal in the working solutions, are determined. Small additives of -alanine (10–4–10–3 mol/l) cause additional stabilization of copper passivity due to an increase in the film thickness. The adsorption kinetics of - and -alanine is studied. It is shown experimentally that -alanine adsorbs on copper according to the Frumkin isotherm. By contrast, no definite type isotherm can be obtained for -alanine due to its higher activity and ability to form soluble complexes with copper ions. DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206030088
18/09/2008 | 1215 Посещения | Печать
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56.
Certain Characteristics of Zirconium-Containing Anodic Films on Aluminum K. N. Kilin, V. S. Rudnev, P. M. Nedozorov, and T. P. Yarovaya Institute of Chemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences,
pr. Stoletiya Vladivostoka 159, Vladivostok, 690022 Russia e-mail:
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Received May 20, 2005 Abstract — Some data on zirconium-containing layers plasma-electrochemically (P-E) applied to A7 aluminum alloy (obtained by using x-ray spectral and diffraction analyses, electron microscopy, as well as measuring their thickness and visible light reflection) are discussed. The properties of the P-E applied structures formed under power-drop conditions are studied as functions of the potassium hexafluorozirconate bath temperature (20–70°C) and initial voltage (300–500 V). DOI: 10.1134/S003317320603009X
18/09/2008 | 1151 Посещения | Печать
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57.
Comparison Analysis of Formation and Some Characteristics of Microplasma Coatings on Aluminum and Titanium Alloys O. P. Terleevaa, V. I. Belevantseva, A. I. Slonovaa, D. L. Bogutab, and V. S. Rudnevb a Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences,
pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 3, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia e-mail:
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b Institute of Chemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences,
pr. Stoletiya Vladivostoka 159, Vladivostok, 690022 Russia e-mail:
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,
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Received November 23, 2004 Abstract — The electrolyte and parameters of high-voltage anodic–cathodic process, which enable one to apply rather thick (to 340 µm) oxide coatings to titanium alloys, are selected. Characteristics of the coating formation on aluminum and titanium alloys are compared. It is found that, on the titanium alloys, the stage of microarc discharges occurs only at relatively high anodic and cathodic components of the current density. The voltage chronograms and oscillograms also have pronounced specific features. DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206030106
18/09/2008 | 1225 Посещения | Печать
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58.
The Effect of Complexing on the Zinc Dissolution in Dichromic Acid with HF Additions A. M. Shcherbakov Zhitomir Pedagogical University, ul. B. Berdichevskaya 40, Zhitomir, 10008 Ukraine Received December 17, 2003 Abstract — Two concentration ranges of activating hydrofluoric acid additions were distinguished when dis-solving zinc in a 2.5 M CrO3 solution. Zinc dissolves slowly in a range of 0.05 to 0.3 and quickly from 0.4 to mol/l HF. The effect is explained by the involvement of F– ions in the formation of Cr(III) fluoride complexes during the reduction of dichromic acid anions and ZnF+ cations during zinc ionization. Ionic equilibrium was calculated after long-term holding zinc in the CrO3 solutions with various HF contents. It was shown that com-plexing hinders the growth of passive oxide and salt films based on ZnF2 or basic Cr(III) chromate on zinc. DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206030118
18/09/2008 | 885 Посещения | Печать
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59.
Corrosion Resistance of Titanium with Diffusion Carboxide Coatings S. V. Guryn, I. N. Pogrelyuk, V. N. Fedirko, and I. V. Dyug Karpenko Physical and Mechanical Institute, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences,
ul. Naukova 5, Lvov, 79601 Ukraine e-mail:
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Received February 15, 2005 Abstract — Corrosion and electrochemical properties of diffusion coatings on titanium formed by saturating from the carbon–oxygen-containing medium in aqueous 80% sulfuric acid solutions are studied. It is found that morphology of diffusion coatings affects the protective properties of titanium. It is shown that in extra-corrosive sulfuric-acid media carboxide coatings provide titanium with high protective properties, which exceed the corrosion resistance of carbide and oxide coatings. DOI: 10.1134/S003317320603012X
18/09/2008 | 1059 Посещения | Печать
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60.
Electrodeposition and Physico-Mechanical Properties of Chromium Coatings Modified with Disperse Particles E. G. Vinokurova, A. M. Arsenkinb, K. V. Grigorovichb, and V. V. Bondar’c a Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology,
Miusskaya pl. 9, Moscow, 125047 Russia b Baikov Institute of Metallurgy, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 49, Moscow, 117047 Russia c All-Russian Institute of Scientific and Technical Information,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Received June 25, 2004 Abstract — Chromium electroplates from Cr(III)-baths modified with disperse phases of CeO2 , Cr2O3 , graphite, and ultradisperse diamond are studied. Mechanical properties of the composite coatings are investigated. The Cr2O3-particles present in the bath are found to cause the destruction of the coatings already during the plating. When modifying with CeO2-particles, good coatings with enhanced microhardness can be obtained at their concentration in the bath of no more than 15 g/l. The deposition rate in such cases exceeds that in the blank baths. The optimum range of the CeO2-particle concentration, allowing to obtain the maximal microhardness, is 5–8 g/l. The self-lubricating chromium–graphite composite coatings can be deposited at a graphite concentration in the bath of up to 4 g/l. The microhardness of the chromium coatings is most strongly affected by ultradisperse diamond particles that increase the microhardness by a factor of 1.4; they also decrease the coatings’ brittleness. When the ultradisperse diamond concentration in the solution is as high as 30 g/l, the diamond content in the composite coating reaches its limiting value of 12–14 vol % (or 6.4–7.2 wt %). The optimum ultradisperse diamond concentration was found to be 17 g/l in the baths and 10.5 vol % (or 5.6 wt %) in the composite coating. At these concentrations, the coatings with the maximum microhardness and lowest brittle-ness are obtained. DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206030131
18/09/2008 | 1021 Посещения | Печать
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