Deposition of Diamond-Like Films of Hydrogenized Carbon

V. L. Bukhovets and I. G. Varshavskaya

Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
31 Leninskii pr., Moscow, 119991 Russia

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Received February 20, 2009

Abstract — Diamond-like films of hydrogenized carbon on metal substrates were produced by deposition from methane activated by capacitive electric discharge (AD) within the frequency range of 5–250 Hz and with a relative pulse duration of the charge of 1.5–17. Variations in the charge parameters (frequency, relative pulse duration, current density, methane pressure, the value of gas flow), substrate temperature, and geometry of the vacuum chamber affect the deposition rate, properties, and structures of films within a wide range. Diamondlike films of hydrogenized carbon represented nanocomposite material. The size of sp² clusters was 5–6 nm, whereas the sp³/sp² ratio of carbon and the content of bound hydrogen decreased with increasing substrate temperature and current density and decreasing methane pressure.

Physical and Chemical Processes in Gas-Discharge Plasma During the Deposition of Nanocarbon Films

R. R. Ismagilov, A. P. Volkov, P. V. Shvets, and A. N. Obraztsov

Department of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia

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Received March 13, 2003

Abstract — The relationship of the parameters of activated methane–hydrogen mixture with the phase composition and structural features was determined for carbon films, which were precipitated from this mixture. Optical emission spectra of dc discharge were studied in conditions of the growth of different nanocarbon films. The peculiarities of the space intensity distribution of radiation corresponding to carbon ₂ dimers are shown.

Comparative Analysis of Film Formation in GlowDischarge Plasma in Mixtures of Methane with Neon and Argon

I. V. Soldatova^a and V. A. Kotenev^b

^a Moscow State Industrial University, Russia

^b Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
31, Leninskii pr. , Moscow, 119991 Russia

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Received May 22, 2009

Abstract — Concentrations of Ne, Ar, and H atoms in metastable and resonance states, concentrations of atomic hydrogen, and the growth rates of polymer films were determined in the dc glow discharge in the Ne and Ar mixtures with (1–5) % ₄ in the pressure range of 13–520 Pa and discharge currents of 5–100 mA. The method of ellipsometry was used to control the refraction index and thickness and the composition of polymer films was analyzed with the help of the IR spectroscopy method. Mathematical simulation of discharges under the given conditions was performed. The calculation results were compared to the experimental data. It is shown that the mechanism of the ionization and dissociation processes in discharges with mixtures containing Ne differ considerably from the mechanism of these processes in discharges in mixtures with Ar, which significantly affects the film formation processes. Prolonged tests under ambient conditions showed the high stability of most of the films grown under the discharge in the mixtures of Ar and ₄ (the film refraction index in the case of conditioning up to 10 years decreased by about 0.1 within the measurement error) and in mixtures of Ne with CH₄ (the film refraction index under prolonged conditioning features remains almost unchanged).

PACS numbers: 82.77.Dg

Kinetics of Phase Transformations in the Surface Layer of a Binary Alloy at the Selective Dissolution: III. CuAu | Cu²⁺ System

O. A. Kozaderov, A. V. Saratova, and A. V. Vvedenskii

Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya pl. 1, Voronezh, 394006 Russia

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Received November 27, 2008

Abstract — Conditions of the phase transformation of gold on the surface of Cu–Au alloys selectively dissolved in an acidic sulfate solution at the overcritical anodic polarization are experimentally found. Kinetic regularities of the formation of an individual Au⁰ gold phase on the alloy surface depending on the alloy composition, anodic potential, and the presence of organic surfactants in the solutions are determined.

PACS numbers: 82.45.Qr

Thermodynamic Calculation of Flade Potential of Fe, Ni, and Cr Taking into Account Surface Energy

Yu. Ya. Andreev

Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys, State Technological University, Leninskii pr. 4, Moscow, 119049 Russia

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Received May 20, 2009

Abstract — A method for the thermodynamic estimation of the active–passive transition potential of metals (Flade potential) in sulfuric acid (pH 0) is proposed. This theoretical calculation of the Flade potential () differs from the conventional one in that the Gibbs formation energy of the metal oxide on the surface is a sum of the Gibbs formation energy of the oxide < 0 and the surface Gibbs energy of the metal> 0. The technique of estimation used is based on the concept of the auto-adsorption of metal atoms (A) in the superficial layer and obeys the Gibbs adsorption equation = G_AA. The estimated Flade potentials of Ni, Cr, and Fe agree with the known experimental data.

PACS numbers: 82.45.Bb

Sorption of Water by Polyacrylic Acid

A. A. Borisevich, A. E. Chalyh, G. S. Kulagina, and V. K. Gerasimov

Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,

Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 117071 Russia

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Received March 20, 2009

Abstract — The interaction of polyacrylic acid with water is reported. Water, which is consumed by polyacrylic acid in a wide range of humidities is found to exist in two states, i.e., statistically dissolved in the matrix (Flory-Huggins mode) and in cluster form. No retention due to the sorption on active sites according to Langmuir’s mode is detected.

Synthesis of Functionally Substituted Metalloporphyrin Receptor and Study of Their Supramolecular Properties

Yu. P. Yashchuk, V. S. Tyurin, and I. P. Beletskaya

Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia

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Received April 01, 2009

Abstract — The ways of supramolecular self-assembly of metalloporphyrins containing peripheral ligand groups with metal cations and exobidentate ligands are studied.

Interaction of Stilbenes with TiO₂ Studied by Fourier IR Spectroscopy

K. E. Polunin, N. P. Sokolova, A. M. Gorbunov, R. A. Bulgakova, and I. A. Polunina

Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
31 Leninskii pr., Moscow, 119991, Russia

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Received February 29, 2008

PACS numbers: 68.43.-h

PVC Materials with Sorption-Active Surfaceof Ethanol Cyclam Nanofilms

A. Yu. Tsivadze, A. Ya. Fridman, A. M. Voloshchuk, E. M. Morozova, N. P. Sokolova,
G. A. Petukhova, I. I. Bardyshev, A. M. Gorbunov, A. V. Dorokhov, I. Ya. Polyakova,
O. P. Shapokhina, and I. V. Solov’eva

Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 31, building 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia

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Received November 26, 2008

Abstract — Materials with sorption-active nanofilms based on PVC materials with surface layers modified into ethanol cyclam nanofilms were obtained, based on which new functional materials with given properties can be developed. The properties and molecular structure of ethanol cyclam nanofilms with different sorption-active surfaces were studied using physicochemical research methods.

Hyperfine Structure and Electrochemical Behavior of FeCrNi Alloys

O. V. Kasparova^a and Yu. V. Baldokhin^b

^a Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, Vorontsovo Pole 10, Moscow, 105064 Russia

^b Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia

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Received June 10, 2008

Abstract — With the use of nuclear -resonance Mössbauer spectroscopy, the hyperfine structure of quenched (1100C, 1 h, water) Fe~20% Cr–(9.6, 40.8, 70.7)% Ni alloys is studied. With the Normos program package, the isomer (chemical) shift (mm/s) of the singlet and doublet signals, the half-width (mm/s) of the singlet and doublet spectral components, the area part S (%) of the components in the general spectra, and the probability distribution function of hyperfine magnetic fields P(H_eff) are calculated. The effect of nickel on the electron density distribution around ⁵⁷Fe nuclei is discovered. Novel data on the presence of ferromagnetic phases, their nuclei and clusters in Fe–19.6% Cr–9.6% Ni are obtained. The data of Mössbauer spectroscopy are compared to the anodic polarization curves recorded in a 1 N H₂SO₄ solution with the aim to clarify the relation between the electronic structure and electrochemical behavior of alloys

PACS numbers: 76.80.+y; 82.45.Bb