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11.
Micrograins on the Surface of Anodic Films V. S. Rudnev, I. V. Lukiyanchuk, and V. G. Kuryavyi Institute of Chemistry, Far Easter Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
pr. Stoletiya Vladivostoka 159, Vladivostok, 690022 Russia e-mail:
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Received July 25, 2007 Abstract — Data on the composition and structure of micrograins located on the surface of oxide films formed on aluminum by the plasma-electrochemical (PE) method are shown. The studied micrograins represent polyhedral tubes narrowing towards one end with the characteristic size of about 1  m. They are concentrated on the defective surface sites. Micrograins contain considerably higher amounts of carbon, nickel, copper, and other electrolyte components but lower amounts of aluminum and oxygen compared with the oxide film surface. The formation of micrograins and their deposition on the film followed by their treatment with electric discharges is, apparently, one of the mechanisms of the formation of multiphase and multicomponent anodic oxide layers by the PE method. PACS numbers: 82.45.Cc, 81.07.-b DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109010110
11/02/2009 | 830 Посещения | Печать
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12.
Electrodeposition Kinetics as well as Structures and Properties of Nanostructured Copper Polymer Coatings Based on N-Methylpyrrolidone L. M. Skibina*, V. V. Kuznetsov*, A. I. Sokolenko**, I. N. Loskutnikova**, and M. A. Yakusheva* * Department of Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Southern Federal University,
ul. Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don, 344090 Russia E-mail:
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** Don State Technical University, Russia Received April 26, 2007 Abstract — Applying a cooper galvanic coatings from a heatly with minor ( 2 = 0.03) addition of N methylpyrrolidone makes the latter much more permeable and capable of displaying the inhibition of the base metal. The former effect is dominant at the monomer concentrations 10 5 <  < 10 2 mol/l, while the latter effect is dominant at  > 10 2 mol/l. The best electroplates in appearance and adhesion were obtained for the metal–additive ratio 1 : 10. According to AFM data, the grain size in this coating is comparable with nanoparticles. Friction tests showed that such copper polymer coatings can be used as a long-lived grease under dry friction conditions. PACS numbers: 82.45.Qr, 82.45.Gz DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109010122
11/02/2009 | 841 Посещения | Печать
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13.
Electrochemical Properties of Iron Silicocarbide and Cementite in Acidic and Neutral Environments A. V. Syugaev,* S. F. Lomaeva,* A. N. Maratkanova,* D. V. Surnin,* and S. M. Reshetnikov** * Physical-Technical Institute, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
ul. Kirova 132, Izhevsk, 426000 Udmurtia, Russia E-mail:
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** Udmurt State University, ul. Universitetskaya 1, Izhevsk, 426034 Udmurtia, Russia Received May 5, 2008 Abstract — Voluminous specimens of individual Fe5SiC iron silicocarbide and Fe3C iron carbide phases were produced by mechanical alloying with subsequent pressing and considered as models of nonmetallic inclusions in carbon steels and siliceous cast irons. In an acidic sulfate solution, silicocarbide is highly active in hydrogen reduction and iron ionization in the active dissolution range. Therefore, the corrosion resistance of silicocarbide in acids is lower compared to iron and cementite, which is caused by the peculiarities of its crystal structure. In a neutral borate solution both on silicocarbide and cementite, two anodic peaks are observed that are caused by the dissolution of the corresponding phase and the additional oxidation of the passive film, which is characterized by the heightened defectiveness because of the carbon accumulation. Silicocarbide has lower dissolution currents compared to cementite and a higher resistance to the local activation and depassivation, which is caused by the presence of a superficial layer enriched in SiO2. PACS numbers: 81.07.Bc, 82.45.Bb DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109010134
11/02/2009 | 924 Посещения | Печать
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14.
Interactions of Silicone Rubbers Designed for Electrical Engineering Applications with Aqueous Media L. B. Boinovich, A. M. Emel’yanenko, and A. S. Pashinin Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia E-mail:
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Received March 11, 2008 Abstract — Interactions of a number of electrical engineering silicone rubbers with water and aqueous salt, weakly acidic, and weakly basic solutions were studied by measuring contact angles. A mechanism for leakage currents along the surfaces of silicone insulators was proposed. PACS numbers: 81.40.Cd, 68.08.Bc DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109010146
11/02/2009 | 904 Посещения | Печать
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15.
Contact Corrosion of Metals in Aqueous and Organic-Aqueous Environments. II. Concentrated Glycol Water Solutions V. N. Esenin and L. I. Denisovich A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences,
ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia E-mail:
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Received November 2, 2006 Abstract — Corrosion behavior of individual aluminum, steel, and cast iron, as well as aluminum–steel, aluminum–cast iron, steel–cast iron, and aluminum–steel–cast iron contact systems, in ethylene glycol solutions containing 5 or 30 vol % fresh water is studied. By contrast to water, these solutions are shown to be inert with respect to steel, while aluminum anodically dissolves in them. Cast iron is least stable, though its dissolution rate in the solutions is still substantially lower than in water. PACS numbers: 82.45.Bb, 81.65.Kn DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109010158
11/02/2009 | 842 Посещения | Печать
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16.
Corrosion and Anodic Dissolution of Magnesium Alloys in the Presence of Inhibitor A. N. Kozlova,* T. N. Ostanina,* V. M. Rudoi,* E. N. Umrilova,* and V. B. Malkov** * Ural State Technical University–UPI, pr. Mira 19, Ekaterinburg, 620002 Russia E-mail:
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** Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences,
ul. S. Kovalevskoi 22, Ekaterinburg, 620219 Russia E-mail:
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Received June 17, 2007 Abstract — The effect of NTPS inhibitor on the corrosion behavior of magnesium alloys with various contents of alloying components is studied. NTPS is found to be an effective corrosion inhibitor in the absence of energizing, but under the anodic polarization, it does not produce any noticeable effect on the self-dissolution process. Comparative analysis of the processes proceeding at the anodic dissolution of magnesium and electronmicroscopic studies of the specimens showed that the dissolution is accelerated due to the active-surface development. A supposition that, under the effect of a constant anodic current, the development and formation of the magnesium surface relief takes place at the initial polarization stage is put forward. PACS numbers: 82.45. Bb DOI: 10.1134/S207020510901016X
11/02/2009 | 851 Посещения | Печать
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17.
Methods for Analysis of the AFM Images of Thin Films of Block Copolymers E. A. Men’shikov**, A. V. Bol’shakova**, O. I. Vinogradova*, and I. V. Yaminsky** * Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia ** Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992 Russia E-mail:
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Received March 6, 2008 Abstract — The structures of thin films of the polystyrene–polymethacrylate–polystyrene (SMAS) triblock copolymer were studied. A versatile algorithm for analysis of the AFM images of thin block-copolymer films was developed. PACS numbers: 87.64. Dz DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109010171
11/02/2009 | 874 Посещения | Печать
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18.
Diffusion Kinetics of a Metal Anodic Dissolution with Forming Unstable Charged Products A. V. Noskov and S. A. Lilin Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
ul. Akademicheskaya 1, Ivanovo, 153000 Russia E-mail:
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Received August 27, 2007 Abstract — Anodic dissolution of bivalent metal in binary electrolyte, through positively charged intermediates, is theoretically analyzed. The components’ concentrations and the electrical potential distributions in dif-fusion layer under the intermediate quasireversible decomposition are calculated. It is shown that the electrochemical process rate decreases when the products’ stability constant increases. PACS numbers: 82.45. Qr DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109010183
11/02/2009 | 858 Посещения | Печать
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19.
Electrodynamics Applied To Electrode Potential and Electrochemical Kinetics R. R. Salem E-mail:
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Received March 28, 2007 Abstract — A key idea of the possibility of describing electrochemical systems and processes in terms of Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory is presented. This is an alternative to conventional Nernst–Tafel concept based on the Arrhenius hypothesis about electrolytic dissociation, which, despite of its minor heuristic value, is adhered to in many branches of chemistry for more than a century, thus, decelerating the progress. Fundamental laws of thermodynamics and electromagnetism enable us to use sufficiently elementary mathematical tools when quantitatively describing and predicting not only equilibrium states, but also transient processes with no use of model concepts. PACS numbers: 73.30.+y DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109010195
11/02/2009 | 882 Посещения | Печать
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20.
Nanoporous Materials and Their Adsorption Properties A. A. Fomkin Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia E-mail:
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Received June 5, 2008 Abstract—Principal regularities of forming microporous adsorbents with different surface composition, in particular, active coals, zeolites, silica gels, alumina gels, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes are considered. The data on the structure-energetecal characteristics of the adsorbents and systems are correlated. Principal characteristic features of the microporous adsorbents deformation during   2,   4, Ar, N2, and Xe adsorption in a 177.65–393 K temperature range at the pressures of up to 7.0 MPa are studied by example of the AUK microporous carbonaceous adsorbent and the NaX zeolite. An analysis of the adsorption deformation of the microporous adsorbents as a function of the adsorption amount, temperature, and physicochemical properties of adsorbed gas is presented. Based on the analysis of benzene adsorption isotherms for the C60 and C70 fullerenes, a suggestion is advanced on the formation of fullerene–benzene adsorption complexes comprising on average three fullerene and two benzene molecules; their characteristic energy comes to   ~ 25 kJ/mol. It is shown, by using the adsorption and SEM data that the cuminol adsorption at the nanotubes yields supramolecular complexes in which the cumene molecules act as coordinating ones. By using the micropore bulk filling theory, the hydrogen adsorption is calculated for model supramolecular systems in which the carbon nanotubes are bundled up, with leaving gaps between the bundles. PACS numbers: 68.43-h DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109020014
10/04/2009 | 1150 Посещения | Печать
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