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(11/10) Ученые из ИФХЭ РАН и МГУ под руководством Ольги Виноградовой поняли, как «полосатая» гидрофобность..
   Ученые из ИФХЭ РАН и МГУ под руководством Ольги Виноградовой поняли, как «полосатая» гидрофобность меняет течение жидкости     ...
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(11/10) Ученые обнаружили пути проникновения вирусов гриппа и ВИЧ в организм
Ученые ИФХЭ РАН, НИТУ МИСиС, МФТИ и ряда других российских научных организаций изучили и описали би...
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(17/04) Курс “Анализ геномных данных”, Москва, 2 – 11 июля 2012
Уважаемые коллеги, Со 2 по 11 июля 2012 года Учебный центр Института биологии гена РАН организует практический десятидневный курс по статистическому анализу геномных дан...
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(12/03) Впервые получено изображение атомов, движущихся в молекуле
Исследователи из Университетов Огайо и Канзаса впервые смогли получить изображения атомов, движущихся в молекуле. С помощью ультрабыстрого лазера исследователи выбивали элек...
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Результаты 111 - 120 из 134
111.

Effect of Plasma Treatment on Corrosionframe0Electrochemical Behavior of Titanium in Molten Mixture of Cesium and Sodium Chlorides

L. A. Elshina, V. Ya. Kudyakov, and V. B. Malkov

 

Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry, Urals Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Sof’i Kovalevskoi 22,
Ekaterinburg, 620219 Russia

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Received May 5, 2008

 

Abstract — The effect of high-temperature pulsed plasma (HTPP) on the corrosion–electrochemical behavior of titanium in a molten eutectic mixture of cesium and sodium chlorides in an argon atmosphere at temperatures of 790–810 K is studied. Upon the HTPP treatment in an oxygen or helium environment, a modified corrosion resistant layer with a thickness up to 20 m is formed on the titanium surface and decreases the corrosion rate of titanium in a chloride melt by a factor of 10–16.

PACS numbers: 52.77.Dq; 81. 65. Kn

DOI: 10.1134/S207020510906015X
11/12/2009 | 630 Посещения | Печать

112.

Oxide Coatings on Al/SiC Composite Formed by Plasma-Electrochemical Method

V. S. Rudneva, S. A. Karimovaa,b, T. P. Yarovayaa,  P. M. Nedozorova, and Yu. A. Abuzina,b

 

a Institute of Chemistry, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
pr. 100 let Vladivostoka 159, Vladivostok, 690022 Russia

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b All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials, ul. Radio 17, Moscow, 105005 Russia

Received April 10, 2008

 

Abstract — The processes of film growth and characteristics of film formation in an aqueous phosphate–borate or borate electrolyte are studied. After 2 h, films with thicknesses of 30–40 m and surface microhardnesses of 9–13 GPa are obtained. The elemental and phase compositions of the films and their corrosion resistance estimated using thes drop technique are discussed.

 

PACS numbers: 82.45.Cc

DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109060161
11/12/2009 | 629 Посещения | Печать

113.
Mechanism of the Corrosion Exfoliation of a Polymer Coating  from a Carbon Steel

A. P. Nazarov and D. Thierry

 

French Corrosion Institute, 220 Rue Pierre Rivoalon, Brest, F-29200 France

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Received October 30, 2008

 

Abstract—A mechanism of the atmospheric corrosion of a carbon steel under polymer (paint and varnish) coatings is studied. The potential distribution around an artificial coating defect was measured in situ with a scanning Kelvin probe (SKP). The potential gradient between the steel surface at the defect and under the coating determines the mechanism of the subfilm corrosion. Measuring the galvanic currents in a steel under coating–steel at defect model system revealed the spatial separation of partial electrochemical reactions. The separation was additionally confirmed by the elemental analysis of the metal surface upon removing the coating. The mechanism of corrosion exfoliation is shown to differ depending on the kind of rate, which determines the electrochemical reaction at the coating defect. In the presence of aqueous NaCl electrolyte, the defect acts as an anode, which results in the cathodic exfoliation of the coating. In the case of drier corrosion in an atmosphere at a humidity of 95%, the steel at a defect acts as a cathode with respect to the surrounding interface, which leads to the development of anodic zones around the defect.

PACS numbers: 81.65.Kn

 

DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109060173

11/12/2009 | 604 Посещения | Печать

114.

Anodic Dissolution of a Metal Accompanied by the Formation of Unstable Anionic Complexes

A. V. Noskov and S. A. Lilin

Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Akademicheskaya 1, Ivanovo, 153045 Russia

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Received November 27, 2008

 

Abstract — Transport processes that take place during the anodic dissolution of a metal accompanied by the formation of negatively charged intermediate particles are theoretically considered. Distributions of the component concentrations and electric potential in the diffusion layer during the quasi-equilibrium decomposition of intermediate particles are calculated. Analysis predicts the existence of the admissible concentration limit of anions depending on the stability constant of intermediate particles. The effect of the stability constant on the potential distribution within the diffusion layer and on the shape of voltammetric curves of the process is found to be complex.

PACS numbers: 82.45.Bb

DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109060185
11/12/2009 | 594 Посещения | Печать

115.

Aluminum Hydroxide and Hydrogen Produced by Water Electrolysis

R. R. Salem

 

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Received October 12, 2007

 

Abstract — Thermodynamic and kinetic peculiarities of the water electrolysis in a reactor with aluminum electrodes are considered. The possibility of low-cost hydrogen evolution and aluminum hydroxide production is shown.

PACS numbers: 82.45.Hk

DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109060197
11/12/2009 | 526 Посещения | Печать

116.

Effect of Low-Molecular Carbon Acids on Atmospheric Corrosion of Metals

A. A. Mikhailov

 

Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

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Received December 11, 2007

 

Abstract — A short review of studies on the atmospheric corrosion of metals in the presence of low-molecular carbon acids, as well as electrochemical studies aimed at elucidating the mechanism of acceleration of metal corrosion by low-molecular carbon acids are presented.

 

DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109070016
24/12/2009 | 913 Посещения | Печать

117.

Corrosion Electrochemical Behavior of Tinframe0 Cadmium Alloys in a Sulfate Solution

V. V. Ekilik, A. G. Berezhnaya, A. A. Gerashchenko, and G. N. Ekilik

 

South Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

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Received March 27, 2008

 

Abstract — The behavior of preeutectic (by cadmium) and eutectic tin–cadmium alloys is studied compared to pure metals. The dependence of main characteristics of direct- and reverse-run polarization curves on the alloy composition is established. Information is obtained on the ratio between inhibiting and promoting adsorption of benzotriazole and potassium oleate, depending on the potential, dissolution character, and alloy composition. To compare the results of work [1], the corrosion–electrochemical behavior of tin–cadmium alloys in a sulfate solution was studied, depending on their composition and potential E and also the effect of benzimidazole (BI) and potassium oleate (PO) on it.

DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109070028
24/12/2009 | 988 Посещения | Печать

118.

Effect of Products of Nitric Acid Reduction on Active Dissolution and Passivation of Nickel

V. P. Razygraev* and M. V. Lebedeva

 

Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

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Received March 27, 2008

 

Abstract — For nickel in HNO3 solutions, the passivation process is impeded and the range of its active dissolution is broadened, as opposed to in solutions of nonoxidative acids, which is stipulated by the interaction processes between metal surface and the products of cathode reduction of the solution. It has been shown that the products of cathode reaction promote the occurrence of a new electronegative reaction of nickel dissolution in the form of a complex with ammonia, the ligand formed on the cathode. Moreover, the intermediate products of NO reduction to NO2 by interacting with nickel surface displace passivating oxygen and, therefore, retard the process of electrode passivation. The kinetic control of the cathode reaction of HNO3 reduction within the potential range of active dissolution of nickel is connected with the complicated NO desorption from nickel surface, which virtually eliminates the possibility of the development of homogeneous autocatalysis within a certain potential range.

DOI: 10.1134/S207020510907003X
24/12/2009 | 994 Посещения | Печать

119.

Corrosion of Structure Materials and Their Weld Joints in the Environments of Monoethanolamine Gas Cleaning in Ammonia Production

V. A. Kachanov, Yu. B. Danilov, T. E. Shepil’, E. K. Gvozdikova, A. I. Kabashnyi, V. Yu. Kozin, and S. M. Ivanuna

 

Ukrainian Research Institute for Chemical Machine Building, ul. Marshala Koneva 21, Kharkiv, 61001 Ukraine

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Received July 2, 2008

 

Abstract — It is shown that the main cause of increased corrosion damage in equipment in units of monoethanolamine that remove CO2 from converter gas exceed the regulation levels of formic acid, as chloride ions are acquired in the equipment during the neutralization of formic acid with caustic containing chlorides, as are distorting hydrodynamic flows in columns due to the corrosion of inner items, which results in the working environment effecting the structural elements. In order to lower the corrosivity of the working environment, it is recommended to control the content of formic acid by keeping it below 0.1 g/l, to neutralize it with caustic containing no chloride ions, and to eliminate the distortion of hydrodynamic flows in the apparatus, thus preventing the impact effects of the environment.

 

DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109070041
24/12/2009 | 934 Посещения | Печать

120.

Corrosion Stability of Nanosize Pd/C, PdCo/C, and PdCoCr/C Catalytic Systems in Acidic Media for Fuel Cell Cathodes

M. R. Tarasevicha, D. V. Novikovb, G. V. Zhutaevaa, V. A. Bogdanovskayaa, L. A. Reznikovaa,
N. A. Kapustina
a, and V. V. Batrakovb

a Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

b Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia

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Received May 28, 2008

Abstract — An express method for determining the corrosion stability of palladium-based cathodic catalytic systems was developed. The method consists of cycling the electrode potential with a thin catalyst layer in 0.5M H2SO4 in the range of potentials of the fuel cell operation and a subsequent comparison of the characteristics of catalytic systems (specific surface area and activity in the oxygen reduction reaction) before and after the corrosion action. The suggested method was used to characterize the corrosion behavior of the Pd/C commercial catalyst, as well as the PdCo/C and PdCoCr/C catalysts synthesized at the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences. According to the XRD data, they correspond to systems with a high level of alloy formation. It is shown that the PdCo/C and PdCoCr/C catalysts are considerably more stable towards corrosion action than 20% Pd/C (E-TEK). The results were compared with the stability data obtained using a chronoamperometric method.

DOI: 10.1134/S2070205109070053
24/12/2009 | 931 Посещения | Печать

  

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