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1.
Hydrogen and Hydrocarbon Interaction ith Plasma-Facing Materials of Thermonuclear Facilities V. Kh. Alimov, A. E. Gorodetsky, R. Kh. Zalavutdinov, A. P. Zakharov, and V. M. Sharapov Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prospekt 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia e-mail:
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Received March 10, 2007 Abstract — The modeling of hydrocarbon radical transport and deposition in the pumping ducts of thermonu-clear facilities is overviewed, and hydrogen isotopes accumulation in beryllium and its compounds is analyzed. Special features of the hydrogen permeability of metals under conditions of facing plasma, as well as behavior of boron-hydrogen films used as protecting catings in operating tokamaks, are discussed. PACS numbers: 28.52.Fa, 52.77.Dg DOI: 10.1134/S003317320706001X
03/09/2008 | 1043 Hits | Print
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2.
Effect of the Reaction Series of Hydroxyazomethine and Chloride Anions of Variable Concentrationson the Passivation Currents of Nickel S. P. Shpan’ko*, V. P. Grigor’ev*, O. V. Dymnikova*, and A. S. Burlov** * Rostov State University, ul. Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don, 344090 Russia E-mail:
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** Research Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Rostov State University,
pr. Stachki 94/3, Rostov-on-Don, 344104 Russia Received June 10, 2006 Abstract — Nickel passivation in 1 M H2SO4 in the presence of hydroxyazomethine derivatives (C = const) and chloride anions in variable concentrations was studied. Plots of the Ni passivation current vs.  showed symbatic and antibatic changes, depending on the chloride concentration range. The results obtained were inter-preted in terms of the Linear Gibbs Energy Relation (LGER). PACS number: 82.45.Bb, 81.65.Rv DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207060021
03/09/2008 | 1118 Hits | Print
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3.
Kinetics and Mechanism of the Discharge Ionization of Manganese in an Ammonium Chloride Solution L. F. Kozin, N. V. Mashkova, and F. D. Manilevich V.I. Vernadskii Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
pr. Akad. Palladina, 32/34, Kiev-142, 03680 Ukraine E-mail:
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Received May 10, 2006 Abstract — Analysis of the cathodic and anodic polarization curves recorded on manganese in a 2.0 M MnCl2 + 2.0  NH4Cl solution (pH 5.5  0.1 and t = 18 to 60 C) reveals the multistage character of the discharge–ionization of manganese in such a solution involving the formation of intermediate  particles. The subsequent transformation of  particles proceeds via either the electrochemical redox reaction or disproportionation. The inflection points in the cathodic polarization curves originate seemingly from the change in the surface charge of the electrode on passing the zero potential. PACS numbers: 82.45.Hk; 82.45.Qr DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207060033
03/09/2008 | 1030 Hits | Print
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4.
Oxide Phosphate Layers with Zirconium Compounds on Titanium V. S. Rudnev, K. N. Kilin, P. M. Nedozorov, A. Yu. Ustinov, T. P. Yarovaya, and T. A. Kaidalova Institute of Chemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Stoletiya Vladivostoka 159,
Vladivostok, 690022 Russia Received August 11, 2006 Abstract — Layers of titanium and zirconium oxides and phosphates can be formed on the titanium surface in the aqueous baths containing polyphosphates and Zr(SO4)2 · 4H2O by the plasma-electrolytic method. The elemental and phase composition and the thickness of films, as well as the mechanism of their formation, depend on the molar ratio n = [polyphosphate]/[Zr4+] in the bath. A multilayer mechanism of the film growth is described. Layers containing crystalline ZrO2 or ZrP2O7 are obtained. Their annealing in air at 800  results in the crystallization and the formation of certain phosphates depending, e. g., on the ratio n in the bath, TiP2O7, Ti0.8Zr0.2P2 7, NaZr2(PO4)3 are formed. According to the ESCA data, the films contain carbon in low oxidation degrees. In deep layers, the presence of titanium and phosphorus in the oxidation degrees lower than +4 and +5, respectively, is observed. PACS numbers: 82.45.Cc, 81.15.Pq DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207060045
03/09/2008 | 1037 Hits | Print
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5.
Electrochemical Behavior of Cobalt and Electroplating of Cobalt Molybdenum (Tungsten) Alloys from Oxide Melts V. V. Malyshev National Ukrainian University of Technology “Kiev Polytechnical Institute”, pr. Pobedy 37 / 4, Kiev-56, 03056 Ukraine Open International University “Ukraine”, Kiev, ul. Khoriva, 1g, 04071 Ukraine E-mail:
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Received March 19, 2007 Abstract — Electrochemical behavior of cobalt in a tungstate melt, as well as the effect of electrolysis conditions on the composition and structure of cobalt–molybdenum (tungsten) alloy deposits from tungstate–molybdate melts is studied. With a decrease in the concentration of cobalt and an increase in the concentration of molybdenum (tungsten) in the melt, the phase composition of cathodic deposits is shown to change from individual cobalt to individual molybdenum (tungsten) via a series of cobalt–molybdenum (tungsten) alloys of var-ious compositions. PACS numbers: 81.15.Pq. DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207060057
03/09/2008 | 1101 Hits | Print
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6.
Synthesis and Properties of Zinc Nanoparticles: The Role and Prospects of Radiation Chemistry in the Development of Modern Nanotechnology A. A. Revina*, E. V. Oksentyuk**, and A. A. Fenin** *Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia **Mendeleev University of Chemical Engineering, Miusskaya pl. 9, Moscow, 125047 Russia Received April 20, 2007 Abstract — Zinc-containing nanoparticles stable in the liquid phase are synthesized by the radiation chemical reduction of zinc ions in solutions of inverse micelles. The effects of the absorbed radiation dose and the size of the micelle water pool on the spectral characteristics of samples are studied. The HPLC and electron micros-copy results indicate that the composition of nanoparticles synthesized depends on the salt nature. PACS numbers: 82.50.-m, 81.07-b DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207060069
03/09/2008 | 1172 Hits | Print
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7.
Structural Characteristics and Catalytic Activities of Nanocrystalline Ni-Mo-B Coatings Obtained by Catalytic Electroless Reduction V. M. Krutskikh, M. V. Ivanov, A. B. Drovosekov, E. N. Lubnin,
B. F. Lyakhov, and Yu. M. Polukarov Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia E-mail:
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Received April 5, 2007 Abstract — The structures, chemical states of elements, and catalytic activities of Ni-Mo-B alloys with different molybdenum contents, which were obtained by catalytic electroless reduction of metal ions, were studied. The rates of the partial reactions (heterogeneous hydrolysis of dimethylamine borane, reduction of nickel ions, and evolution of molecular hydrogen) were found to make a bell-shaped curve when plotted versus the concentration of molybdate ions in solution. PACS numbers: 81.07.Bc, 82.45.Jn DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207060070
03/09/2008 | 1149 Hits | Print
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8.
Metal Oxide Heterophase Structures Formed at Low Temperature Activation of Iron. 2. IR Spectroscopy V. A. Kotenev, N. P. Sokolova, A. M. Gorbunov, and A. Yu. Tsivadze Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia Received April 20, 2007 Abstract — Low-temperature activation of iron is observed during its isothermal oxidation at a temperature of 300  and an oxygen pressure of 10 2 Torr. A 1-h treatment provides the maximum gain in the oxide layer thickness for this oxygen pressure. According to IR spectroscopic data, the amount of F 3O4 in the oxide reaches the maximum in the oxygen pressure interval from 10 3 to 10 2 Torr and decreases with a further increase in the oxygen pressure. In contrast, the haematite content increases with an increase in the oxygen pressure. In the latter case, first, the content of the  -F 2 3 phase increases to reach its maximum at pressures from 5  10 3 to 10 2 Torr, while the phase of haematite  -F 2 3 appears at 0.1 Torr. This confirms the earlier assumption that the haematite islets layer plays the decisive roles in the low-temperature activation and the active–passive transition of iron. PACS numbers: 81.07.-b DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207060082
03/09/2008 | 1187 Hits | Print
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9.
Corrosion Resistances of Stressed Building Structures Made of Aluminum Alloys V. S. Sinyavskii and V. D. Kalinin OAO All-Russia Institute of Light Alloys, ul. Gorbunova 2, Moscow, 121596 Russia E-mail:
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Received September 22,2006 Abstract — Propagation of various types of localized corrosion on real stressed building structures was examined. The naturally aged 1915T alloy used in such structures was found to be highly resistant under various atmospheric conditions. It was insensitive to corrosion cracking and exfoliation corrosion, and the pitting depth did not exceed 0.21 mm in both the base metal and weld joints after 20-year tests. A mathematical analysis of experimental data allowed the prediction that even on the Main Exhibition pavilion near the foundry, the maximum corrosion depth should not exceed 0.5 mm after 50 years of operation. Postwelding artificial aging reduced the resistance to corrosion cracking. Because of this, the Sochi Concert hall was attacked by numerous corrosion cracks. However, a decrease in the actual stresses below a threshold level for corrosion cracking prevents further crack propagation. The effects of corrosive components of the atmosphere were studied. Pitting corrosion was found to be mainly promoted by the presence of chlorides and acid discharges from production departments. Various factors that stimulate and inhibit the corrosion of stressed aluminum building structures were revealed. PACS number: 81.65.Kn, 81.40.Np DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207060094
03/09/2008 | 1199 Hits | Print
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10.
Peculiarities of the Inhibiting Effect of Cadmium Chloride on the Corrosion of Aluminum in Hydrochloric Solutions V. V. Bartenev* and O. I. Barteneva** * South Federal University, Rostov State University, ul. Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don, 344007 Russia ** South Federal University, Research Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry,
pr. Stachki, 194/2, Rostov-on-Don, 344090 Russia E-mail:
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Received May 10, 2006 Abstract — The concentration effect of cadmium chloride on the corrosion rate of aluminum under conditions of the contact deposition of cadmium in hydrochloric acid solutions is studied. At changes in the contact deposition rate of the metal, in the surface area of the cadmium deposit, and the character of the deposits formed, the inhibiting effect of cadmium cations is shown to transform into the stimulating effect with an increase in the cadmium concentration in the solution. The reasons for the nonmonotonic character of the concentration dependence of the corrosion rate of aluminum are discussed. PACS numbers: 81. 65.Rv; 82.45.Bb DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207060100
03/09/2008 | 1174 Hits | Print
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