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81.
Formation, Retention, and Discharge of Products of Atmospheric Corrosion of Metals. 4. Model: Corrosion Discharge of Products Yu. M. Panchenkoa, P. V. Strekalova, and T. V. Nikulinab a Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia
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b Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Stoletiya Vladivostoka 159,
Vladivostok, 690022 Russia Received November 10, 2005 Abstract - An empirical mathematical model K = K0 + kmlos (relating atmospheric corrosion to the weight loss of its products) for incubation + transient and steady-state stages of the process, is considered. To develop the model, we used the results of long-term (from 3 month to 1–17 years) field tests of metals according to the Russian, International ISOCORRAG, and Russia–Vietnam–Cuba programs. The K0 and k factors in the model were determined according to the corrosion of   3, copper, brass, zinc, aluminum,  16 alloy, and   alloy in the zones of cold, moderate, subtropical, and tropical climates. The model quantitatively relates the corrosion losses of a metal to those of the products discharged to the environment. It may be useful when it is necessary to estimating the amount of detrimental metals, e.g., unprotected copper and zinc dispersed to the environment, but there is no data on the weight of products that had been retained by the metal in the air. PACS numbers: 82.45.Bb DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207020099
09/09/2008 | 1256 Посещения | Печать
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82.
Inhibition of the Early Depassivation of  -Brass in Neutral Chloride Electrolytes M. V. Rylkina and M. V. Didik Udmurt State University, ul. Universitetskaya 1, Izhevsk, 426034 Russia E-mail:
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Received July, 14, 2005; in final form, April 13, 2006 Abstract — Sodium anthranilate (SA), sodium phenyl anthranilate (SPA), and benzotriazole (BTA) were tested as inhibitors of the early depassivation stages of  70  -brass in neutral chloride electrolytes. Although SA and SPA were found to initiate pitting corrosion at -brass, the antagonism between SA (or SPA) and Cl ions can result, at a certain ratio of their concentrations, in the inhibition of the pitting corrosion of -brass. -Brass wasbest protected from pitting by BTA. PACS numbers: 81.65.Kn; 82.45.Pb DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207020105
09/09/2008 | 1199 Посещения | Печать
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83.
Chromium Electroplating from Sulfate Oxalate Solutions Containing Nanoparticles of Alumina and Silicon Carbide E. N. Lubnin, N. A. Polyakov, and Yu. M. Polukarov Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy
of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia Received January 27, 2006 Abstract — The effect of the introduction of Al2O3 and SiC particles into the base chrome-plating sulfateoxalate Cr (III) bath on the electrochemical characteristics of chromium deposition, as well as the structure and mechanical properties of deposits, is studied. It is shown that Al2O3 particles are incorporated only into the surface film and are not detected in the bulk of the coating. Particles SiC are incorporated into both the surface film and the deposit. Introducing the particles into the bath makes the cathode polarization at a fixed current density, as well as the current efficiency and the bath throwing power, increase. PACS numbers: 81.15.Pq, 82.30. 6, 82.45.Qr DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207020117
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84.
Effect of the Milling Conditions for Nanocrystalline Iron Powders on Their Corrosion Behavior in Neutral Electrolytes S. F. Lomayevaa, A. V. Syugaeva, S. M. Reshetnikovb, A. S. Shuravinb, O. M. Nemtsovaa, and V. V. Aksenovaa a Physicotechnical Institute, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences,
ul. Kirova 132, Izhevsk, 426000 Russia E-mail:
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b Udmurt State University, ul. Universitetskaya 1, Izhevsk, 426034 Russia E-mail:
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Received May 26, 2006 Abstract — The corrosion behavior of nanocrystalline iron powders obtained by milling in oxygen-containing organic media (isopropyl alcohol, acetic acid, oleic acid, and its solutions in heptane) was studied. The high corrosion resistances of iron powders obtained by mechanoactivation in oleic acid were associated with a protective surface layer formed by iron oxide and chemisorbed oleic acid or products of its partial degradation. Nanocrystalline iron-based systems that contain oxide phases without forming protective layers were less resistant to corrosion PACS numbers: 82.45.Yz; 82.45.Bb DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207020129
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85.
Environmental and Inherent Factors That Affect Hydrogen Cathodic Evolution on Silicides of the Iron Family Metals V. S. Povroznik and A. B. Shein Perm State University, ul. Bukireva 15, Perm, 614990 Russia Received October 12, 2005 Abstract — Scientifically proven search for new electrode materials with different functions is an actual problem of applied electrochemistry. Promising are intermetallic and metal-like compounds of various composition, a lot of which exhibits extremely high corrosion resistance and low hydrogen overpotential. PACS numbers: 82.47.Wx, 82.45.Fk DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207020130
09/09/2008 | 1093 Посещения | Печать
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86.
Use of Braking Radiation Induced by the 147Pm  -Particles in the Evaluation of Heat Resistance of Aluminum Coatings Assisted by Shot-Blasting V. I. Bochenin Kurgan State University, ul. Gogolya 25, Kurgan, 640669 Russia Received September 18, 2005 Abstract — A nondestructive method of monitoring the heat resistance of aluminum coating deposited onto substrate subjected to shot-blasting is suggested. Its physical essence is based on the evaluation of the coating weight by using radionuclide parameters. The method was applied to the evaluation of heat resistance of turbine vanes. The industrial inspection allows evaluating the coating quality at accuracy of gravimetry. PACS numbers: 81.15.-z, 81.15.Cd DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207020142
09/09/2008 | 1165 Посещения | Печать
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87.
Dynamics of Stress-Strained State and Corrosion of a Reservoir Casing. Theoretical Calculation R. K. Galimov N.P. Mel’nikov Central Scientific, Research, and Planning Institute of Building Metal Structures,
ul. Arkhitektora Vlasova 49, Moscow, 117393 Russia E-mail:
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Received April 17, 2006 Abstract — The results of mathematical modeling of the evolution of the stress-strained state of a reservoir casing are presented and discussed. PACS numbers: 81.40.Ef; 81.40.Lm; 81.40.Np DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207010018
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88.
Thermodynamic Causes of the High Diffusion Rate of Atoms in the Superficial Layer of a Metallic Electrode Yu. Ya. Andreev Moscow State Institute of Steel and Alloys, Leninskii pr. 2, Moscow, Russia E-mail:
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Received January 31, 2006 Abstract — Concentration of vacancies NV(S) in a superficial layer (SL) of fcc lattices of Ag, Cu, and Au metals is thermodynamically estimated and analyzed. The calculations are based on a thermodynamic vacancy model of the metal SLs, by which the NV(S) value is related to the surface Gibbs energy  Gs =  RT ln NV(S). A strongGs dependence on the electrode potential and the zero point value of the metal results in the increase in NV(S) value, which reaches nearly 10 2 at standard potentials of the above metals. The high surface self-diffusivity of atoms (D  10 15 cm2/s) calculated from the in situ STM measurements of the electrode surfaces is due to the high concentration of vacancies in the metal SLs. PACS numbers: 05.70.Np; 68.35.Md DOI: 10.1134/S003317320701002X
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89.
Theoretical Estimation of the Ionization Potential of Water in Condensed Phase. II. Superficial Water Layers Yu. V. Novakovskaya Laboratory of Quantum Mechanics and Molecular Structure, Chair of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry,
Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119992 Russia E-mail:
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Received May 7, 2006 Abstract — Quantum chemical calculations of neutral and charged (H2O)n water clusters modeling fragments of a real hydrogen-bond network of water and dynamic simulations of the clusters either upon the electron removal from a stable neutral cluster or upon the excitation of various cluster vibrations enabled us to distinguish separate stages of the structure reorganization. Thermal motion of molecules in a liquid modeled by the low-frequency rotational vibrations and swinging of molecules prevents the formation of cations with the opti-mum mutual arrangement of the OH radical and H3O+ ion. Judging from the typical periods of reactive vibra-tions and those motions, which impede the desired structure reorganization, the most probable should be the formation of OH H2O H3O+ fragments in liquid water. The energy necessary for the ionization of superficial water layers (at the irradiation) can be estimated from the intermediate ionization potentials of water clusters. Extrapolating the dependence of these potentials on the number of water molecules constituting the cluster provided the first ever theoretical estimate of the threshold ionization energy of water: 9.5 eV. PACS numbers: 31.15.Ar; 31.15.Qg; 33.15.Ry; 34.50.Ez; 36.40.Wa DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207010031
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90.
Thermodynamics of Chemical and Electrochemical Stability of Corrosion Active Nonmetal Inclusions A. G. Tyurina, I. Yu. Pyshmintsevb, I. V. Kostitsynab, and I. M. Zubkovab aChelyabinsk State University, ul. Br. Kashirinykh 129, Chelyabinsk, 454021 Russia bOAO RosNITI, ul. Novorossiiskaya 30, Chelyabinsk, 454139 Russia Received April 19, 2006 Abstract — Diagrams potential–pH are plotted for different phase components of corrosive nonmetal inclusions in steels in sulfide-containing media at 25°C, 1 atm (air), and ai = 10 3 mol/l. Thermodynamic peculiarities of their corrosion and electrochemical behavior are analyzed. PACS numbers: 81.65.Kn DOI: 10.1134/S0033173207010043
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