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11.
Kinetics of Codeposition of Copper with N-Methylpyrrolidone in Sulfate Water Dimethylsulfoxide Electrolytes V. V. Kuznetsova, L. M. Skibinaa, E. F. Kuznetsovaa, and I. N. Loskutnikovab aRostov State University, ul. Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don, 344090 Russia
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bDon State Technical University, Russia Received October 20, 2005 Abstract — The electrolyte composition is found to affect the composition and density of the adsorption layer on the electrode. The lowest process rate is observed in the water structure stabilization range under conditions of the preferential adsorption of the additive and organic solvent molecules. The electroreduction of copper(II) ions involves the stage of their penetration through the adsorption film, while the dissociation of electroactive species, which precedes their discharge, has the “forced” nature. The increase in the adsorption activity of sulfate ions (which is due to the “salting-out” effect of the mixed solvent and the selective solvation) is accompanied by the acceleration of the process (the  ' effect or the formation of surface associated products, in which anions play the role of bridge ligands). PACS numbers: 81.15.Pq, 82.45.Qr DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206060117
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12.
High-Temperature Chloride Corrosion of Industrial   827 and   -85 Nickel Alloys I. V. Oryshich Frantsevich Institute of Material Science Problems, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
ul. Krzizhanovskogo 3, Kiev, 252680 Ukraine Received March 10, 2006 Abstract — High-temperature chloride corrosion (ChC) of   827 and   -85 nickel alloys was investigated in a temperature range of 773 to 1173 K and exposure time of 1 to 50 h in the MgCl2–KCl–NaCl ternary eutectic and oxidation in air (at 873 to 1273 K for 500 h). The ChC is intergranular, intensely develops starting from a temperature of 973 K, and results in softening due to the strong extraction of chromium and aluminum from the base alloy. Other things being equal, the ChC rate exceeds the oxidation rate in air by two to three orders of magnitude. PACS numbers: 81.65.Kn, 82.45.Bb DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206060129
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13.
Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Soils of Varying Moisture Content N. N. Glazov, S. M. Ukhlovtsev, I. I. Reformatskaya,
A. N. Podobaev, and I. I. Ashcheulova Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, Vorontsovo Pole 10, Moscow, 105064 Russia E-mail:
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Received March 18, 2005 Abstract — Electrochemical equipment, which enables one to study the processes of underground corrosion under conditions of differential aeration of soils, with no limitation of the experiment duration at a fixed position of the interface boundary and controlled moisture content, is developed. The character and rate of the corrosion process can be predicted by comparing the metal potentials with the polarization curves recorded in soil electrolytes at pH values typical of the near-electrode soil layer. The usage of solely gravimetric technique in studying the above corrosion processes may provide wrong results. PACS numbers: 81.65.Kn, 82.45.Bb, 07.05.Fb DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206060130
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14.
Stabilizing the Heat-Resistant Phases in Protective Coatings of the Blading of Turbines in Gas-Pumping Aggregates N. M. Chigrinova Institute of Powder Metallurgy, Byelorussian National Academy of Sciences, ul. Platonova 41, Minsk, 22005 Belarus E-mail:
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Received November 3, 2003 Abstract — Applying functional high-temperature coatings to the working surface of the blading of gas turbines is discussed. Applying the coatings by microplasma-spark alloying, with the additional ultrasound modifying, as well as, using composite electrode materials based on intermetallic compounds is suggested for the stabilization of the heat-resistant phases. PACS numbers: 46.50.+a, 81.15.Rs, 81.40.Np, 81.65.Kn DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206060142
11/09/2008 | 1048 Посещения | Печать
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15.
Functions of the Density Distribution, Describing the Character of Changes in the Stray Current Field Parameters A. M. Kerimov, P. A. Spirin, and R. A. Kerimov Azerbaidzhan Petroleum Academy, Azerbaidzhan Received April 23, 2005 Abstract — As we showed earlier [4–6], corrosion studies involve numerous measurements and observations, the results of which require statistical processing. The procedure of the processing depends on the specific features inherent in the obtained data and characterizes their distributions. Generally, many problems can be best solved when the distribution function is at hand. PACS numbers: 81.65.Kn DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206060154
11/09/2008 | 1035 Посещения | Печать
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16.
Efficiency, Kinetics, and Chemism of Triboconversions of Lubricating Materials V. G. Mel’nikov All-Russia Research Institute of Oil Processing,
ul. Aviamotornaya 6, Moscow, 111116 Russia e-mail:
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Received August 7, 2005 Abstract — The mechanism and kinetics of the tribochemical conversions of lubricating materials (oils and greases) in the zones of rolling and sliding friction and the major pathways of their consumption were subjected to a logical system analysis. The thermodynamic “grease–bearing” system was considered as an open nonequilibrium system with the time-dependent effective rate of tribochemical conversions of the dispersive medium of a grease, which complicates its mathematical description compared to the classical first-order kinetics. The derived kinetic equation for tribochemical grease degradation allows one to predict, with a practically accept-able accuracy, the service life of the friction unit and the advancement and chemism of tribochemical processes. It was demonstrated that the effective rate of the process is a function of the length of the kinetic sequence of tribochemical reactions. The effects of the composition of the lubricating material, the kinematics of the unit in the friction and reserve zones, the structural materials, the friction parameters, and the temperature on the major pathways and chemism of tribochemical processes were analyzed. PACS numbers: 46.55.+d, 81.40.Pq DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206050018
12/09/2008 | 1113 Посещения | Печать
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17.
Probing the Atmospheric Corrosion of Metals. Zinc A. P. Nazarov and D. Thierry Swedish Corrosion Institute, Stockholm, Sweden e-mail:
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Received July 12, 2005 Abstract — Scanning vibrating capacitor (Kelvin probe) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are used in electrochemical monitoring of the atmospheric corrosion of zinc. The effect of the corrosion product layer on the surface potential and capacitance is studied. Upon the local application of NaCl, the spatial separation of the cathodic and anodic reactions was noticed in the profiles of the electrode potential and chemical composition of the corrosion products (infrared microscopy). The effect of corrosion inhibitors and activators on the electrochemical atmospheric corrosion of zinc is studied. PACS numbers: 82.45.Bb DOI: 10.1134/S003317320605002X
12/09/2008 | 1102 Посещения | Печать
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18.
Analysis of Corrosion Behavior of Steel 3 in Chloride Solutions by Using Neural Networks V. D. Kiselev, S. M. Ukhlovtsev, A. N. Podobaev, and I. I. Reformatskaya Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Karpov Research Institute of Physical Chemistry,”
ul. Vorontsovo Pole 10, Moscow, 103064 Russia e-mail:
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Received May 9, 2005 Abstract — The method of neural-network analysis of experimental data is applied to the corrosion system for the first time. The neural-network simulation enables one to predict adequately the response of steel 3-chloridecontaining solution system to the external effects: the variations in the pH value and in the concentration of chloride ions. Trained neural network uniquely determines the characteristic potentials of corrosion system (the free-corrosion, passivation, and repassivation potentials) from the data on the chemical composition of corrosive medium and, based on these potentials, predicts the type of corrosion: active dissolution, passivity, or passivity with probable pitting. PACS numbers: 81.65.Rv, 82.45.Bb DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206050031
12/09/2008 | 1154 Посещения | Печать
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19.
Formation of Coatings on Rectifying Metals and Alloys by Microarc Oxidizing in Electrolytes with a Capacitive Energy Control P. S. Gordienkoa, O. S. Vasilenkoa, E. S. Panina, S. B. Bulanovaa, D. V. Dostovalovb,
A. D. Zhirnovc, and S. V. Korkoshd a Institute of Chemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences,
pr. Stoletiya Vladivostoka 159, Vladivostok, 690022 Russia e-mail:
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b Far East State Technical University, Vladivostok, Russia c All-Russian Research Institute of Aviation Materials d Central Research Institute of Construction Materials “Prometei” Received April 19, 2005 Abstract — Coating formation on titanium and aluminum samples in aqueous electrolytes at breakdown potentials (under conditions of microarc oxidizing) is described. The oxidizing was performed with either no current restriction during the oxide film breakdown or with an additional reactive resistance in the external circuit allowing to control the energy input intensity to the breakdown channels. It is shown that the external reactive resistance increases the coating formation potentials with no visible additional breakdown areas; the final coating formation currents decrease by order of magnitude; the energy evolved in the electrolyte decreases by a factor of 5 to 10. The variable external reactive resistance allows forming coatings with novel properties. PACS numbers: 81.65.Rv, 82.45.Bb DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206050043
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20.
Electrodynamics of the Metal Solution Interface Boundary as a Natural Basis of Theoretical Electrochemistry R. R. Salem e-mail:
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Received May 8, 2005 PACS numbers: 82.45.Qr, 81.15.Pq DOI: 10.1134/S0033173206050055
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