Effect of the Composition of Water-Acetone Solvent and Benzhydrazine Structure on Their Efficiency During Cadmium Electrodeposition from Perchlorate Media

V. V. Kuznetsov, L. M. Skibina, R. R. Khalikov, and M. A. Yakusheva

South Federal University, ul. Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don, 344090 Russia

Chemistry Department, Electrochemistry Subdepartment

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Received June 28, 2007

Abstract — The feasibility of controlling the degree of retardation of a cathodic process by changing the ratio of the components in the liquid phase and nature of electron shifts in additive molecule (benzhydrazine) is discussed. The minimum electrode reaction rate is observed in a range of water structure stabilization under conditions of the predominant adsorption of organic molecules. The highest efficiency are achieved using an addiive with an electron-donating substituent in the molecule. The highest rate of the electroreduction of Cd²⁺ and the lowest efficiency of the additives are registered in the region of the loosening of the structure of the mixed solvent, causing selective ion solvation to become possible, which results in an abrupt increase in the adsorption activity of ClO₄^– anions on the cathode and is the main reason for the ’ effect during the electroreduction of metal ions.

PACS numbers: 81.15.Pq